NAD+ is a naturally occurring coenzyme present in all living cells and central to mitochondrial energy transfer, redox reactions, and cellular metabolic function. It has been studied extensively in longevity and cellular aging research for its relationship to mitochondrial activity, sirtuin signaling, DNA repair pathways, and metabolic resilience across a wide range of experimental models. Its role as an electron carrier places it at the center of fundamental cellular energy systems rather than within peptide or hormonal signaling categories. Sterile solution, 10mL vial. Sold at 500mg per vial. For research use only.